What effect does stagnation have on water remaining in building piping?

Stagnation in building piping significantly impacts the water that remains within the system, primarily by increasing the time it stays in the pipes. When water stagnates, it does not flow or circulate, allowing for temperature variations and the potential growth of microorganisms, including Legionella bacteria. The longer water remains stagnant, the more likely it is to reach conditions favorable for microbial growth.

This extended duration promotes nutrient accumulation and temperature stabilization, causing an environment where pathogens can thrive. Plumbing systems are designed to ensure regular water movement to prevent stagnation; therefore, prolonged stagnation directly correlates with an increased risk of contamination and other issues, such as reduced water quality and safety.

The other options do not accurately capture the consequences of stagnation within water piping systems, since stagnation inherently tends to keep water stationary and encourages undesirable conditions over time.